12/29/2023 0 Comments Superposition principle in electronicsResistors have no polarity-specific behavior, and so the circuits we’ve been studying so far all meet this criterion. Hence, networks containing components like lamps (incandescent or gas-discharge) or varistors could not be analyzed.Īnother prerequisite for Superposition Theorem is that all components must be “bilateral,” meaning that they behave the same with electrons flowing in either direction through them. The need for linearity also means this Theorem cannot be applied in circuits where the resistance of a component changes with voltage or current. The requisite of linearity means that Superposition Theorem is only applicable for determining voltage and current, not power!!! Power dissipations, being nonlinear functions, do not algebraically add to an accurate total when only one source is considered at a time. Quite simple and elegant, don’t you think? It must be noted, though, that the Superposition Theorem works only for circuits that are reducible to series/parallel combinations for each of the power sources at a time (thus, this theorem is useless for analyzing an unbalanced bridge circuit), and it only works where the underlying equations are linear (no mathematical powers or roots). Prerequisites for the Superposition Theorem Once again applying these superimposed figures to our circuit: Here I will show the superposition method applied to current: Either way, the answers will be the same. When superimposing these values of voltage and current, we have to be very careful to consider polarity (voltage drop) and direction (electron flow), as the values have to be added algebraically.Īpplying these superimposed voltage figures to the circuit, the end result looks something like this:Ĭurrents add up algebraically as well and can either be superimposed as done with the resistor voltage drops or simply calculated from the final voltage drops and respective resistances (I=E/R). Since we only have voltage sources (batteries) in our example circuit, we will replace every inactive source during analysis with a wire.Īnalyzing the circuit with only the 28-volt battery, we obtain the following values for voltage and current:Īnalyzing the circuit with only the 7-volt battery, we obtain another set of values for voltage and current: When re-drawing the circuit for series/parallel analysis with one source, all other voltage sources are replaced by wires (shorts), and all current sources with open circuits (breaks). and one for the circuit with only the 7-volt battery in effect: Since we have two sources of power in this circuit, we will have to calculate two sets of values for voltage drops and/or currents, one for the circuit with only the 28-volt battery in effect. Let’s look at our example circuit again and apply Superposition Theorem to it: Then, once voltage drops and/or currents have been determined for each power source working separately, the values are all “superimposed” on top of each other (added algebraically) to find the actual voltage drops/currents with all sources active. ![]() The strategy used in the Superposition Theorem is to eliminate all but one source of power within a network at a time, using series/parallel analysis to determine voltage drops (and/or currents) within the modified network for each power source separately.
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